{"id":2587,"date":"2026-05-06T10:01:31","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T10:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/?p=2587"},"modified":"2026-05-06T10:01:35","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T10:01:35","slug":"bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/","title":{"rendered":"Bharat Ratna: India\u2019s Highest Civilian Award \u2013 Winners, Eligibility &#038; Key Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian honour in India. The Government of India awards it for exceptional service to the nation. It covers arts, literature, science, public service, and sports. Every UPSC and state PCS aspirant must know this topic thoroughly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article covers all key facts, award winners, eligibility rules, and recent recipients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For structured preparation, explore <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UPSC coaching in Assam<\/a><\/strong> offering expert guidance, updated study material, and result-oriented strategies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna: Overview and Key Facts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Government of India established Bharat Ratna in 1954. President Rajendra Prasad introduced this prestigious honour. The award carries no monetary benefit. However, recipients enjoy several state privileges and protocol courtesies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Basic Details at a Glance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Details<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Established<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Instituted by<\/td><td>Government of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Awarded by<\/td><td>President of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nature<\/td><td>Civilian Honour (no monetary value)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maximum per year<\/td><td>3 (as per rules)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Total recipients (as of 2024)<\/td><td>53<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recommendation authority<\/td><td>Prime Minister of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fields covered<\/td><td>Arts, Literature, Science, Public Service, Sports<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-1024x768.jpeg\" alt=\"Bharat Ratna: India\u2019s Highest Civilian Award \u2013 Winners, Eligibility &amp; Key Facts\" class=\"wp-image-2588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10.jpeg 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna Award: History and Background<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Statutes of the Bharat Ratna Award originally only covered arts, literature, and science. In the later course of time, the government expanded the scope. Moreover, in 2013, the government included sports as an eligible field. In 1954, the award was first presented to three recipients at once.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Bharat Ratna Medallion Design<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bharat Ratna award has a distinctive design. It takes the shape of a <strong>peepal leaf<\/strong> (sacred fig leaf). The front features a <strong>sun<\/strong> with the words &#8216;<strong>Bharat Ratna<\/strong>&#8216; inscribed in <strong>Devanagari script<\/strong>. The reverse side carries the <strong>State Emblem of India<\/strong> along with the motto <strong>&#8216;Satyameva Jayate&#8217;<\/strong>. The medal hangs from a white ribbon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Who Gives the Bharat Ratna Award?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The President of India presents the Bharat Ratna award. However, the Prime Minister recommends the name to the President. There is no formal application or nomination process. The government selects recipients based on exceptional contribution to national life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The award does not carry any monetary prize.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The award does not form part of the official State orders of precedence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The government can award it posthumously.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can be awarded to non-Indian citizens in exceptional cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna Award Winners: Complete List of Key Recipients<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The government has awarded Bharat Ratna to 53 recipients so far. Below is a list of important recipients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>First Three Recipients (1954)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Recipient<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Field<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Year<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. Rajagopalachari<\/td><td>Public Service \/ Statesman<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan<\/td><td>Philosophy \/ Education<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dr. C.V. Raman<\/td><td>Science (Physics)<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Who Was the First Indian Woman to Receive Bharat Ratna?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Indira Gandhi was the first Indian woman to receive the Bharat Ratna. She received the award in 1971. She served as Prime Minister of India twice. Her leadership during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War brought her national and international recognition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Other Notable Bharat Ratna Award Winners<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Recipient<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Field<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Year<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Key Fact<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dr. B.R. Ambedkar<\/td><td>Social Reform \/ Law<\/td><td>1990 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Architect of Indian Constitution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nelson Mandela<\/td><td>Public Service<\/td><td>1990<\/td><td>First non-Indian recipient<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Satyajit Ray<\/td><td>Cinema \/ Arts<\/td><td>1992<\/td><td>Received while hospitalised<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M.S. Subbulakshmi<\/td><td>Classical Music<\/td><td>1998<\/td><td>First musician to receive it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Atal Bihari Vajpayee<\/td><td>Public Service \/ Politics<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>Former PM of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Madan Mohan Malaviya<\/td><td>Education<\/td><td>2015 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Founder, BHU<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sachin Tendulkar<\/td><td>Sports (Cricket)<\/td><td>2014<\/td><td>First sportsperson to receive it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lal Krishna Advani<\/td><td>Public Service<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>Senior political leader<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Karpoori Thakur<\/td><td>Social Service<\/td><td>2024 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Former Bihar CM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M.S. Swaminathan<\/td><td>Agriculture<\/td><td>2024 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Father of Green Revolution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chaudhary Charan Singh<\/td><td>Public Service<\/td><td>2024 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Former PM of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P.V. Narasimha Rao<\/td><td>Public Service<\/td><td>2024 (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Former PM; economic reforms<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Firsts and Records in Bharat Ratna History<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>These firsts are extremely important for UPSC Prelims and state PCS exams. Candidates should memorise them carefully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>First recipient: C. Rajagopalachari, Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, Dr. C.V. Raman (all in 1954)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First woman: Indira Gandhi (1971)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First sportsperson: Sachin Tendulkar (2014)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First non-Indian: Nelson Mandela (1990)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First posthumous award: Lal Bahadur Shastri (1966). He was popular for his slogan \u2018Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan\u2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First musician: M.S. Subbulakshmi (1998)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First scientist: Dr. C.V. Raman (1954)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna 2024: Recent Winners<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The government announced five Bharat Ratna awards in 2024. This was a record number in a single year. Aspirants must note these names for current affairs sections of exams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Name<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Field<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Reason<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Karpoori Thakur (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Social Service<\/td><td>OBC champion, former Bihar CM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>L.K. Advani<\/td><td>Politics<\/td><td>Senior leader, former Deputy PM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P.V. Narasimha Rao (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Politics \/ Economics<\/td><td>Initiated 1991 economic reforms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chaudhary Charan Singh (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Agriculture \/ Politics<\/td><td>Former PM; farmer advocate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M.S. Swaminathan (Posthumous)<\/td><td>Agriculture<\/td><td>Father of India&#8217;s Green Revolution<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Stay updated with <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">currentaffairs<\/a><\/strong> to track important awards like Bharat Ratna for competitive exam preparation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna vs Other Civilian Awards: Key Difference<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many candidates confuse Bharat Ratna with other civilian awards. The table below clearly shows the hierarchy of civilian honours in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Award<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Rank<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Established<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bharat Ratna<\/td><td>1st (Highest)<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Padma Vibhushan<\/td><td>2nd<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Padma Bhushan<\/td><td>3rd<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Padma Shri<\/td><td>4th<\/td><td>1954<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>All four awards were established in 1954. The President of India presents all of them. However, Bharat Ratna stands apart. It recognises exceptional service of the highest order. Padma awards recognise distinguished service in specific fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Eligibility and Rules for Bharat Ratna Award<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Firstly, any person is eligible for the Bharat Ratna, regardless of race, occupation, or gender.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Moreover, the government can also award non-Indian citizens in special cases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Additionally, the government can confer a maximum of three Bharat Ratna awards in a year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Furthermore, there is no formal nomination process for this award.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instead, the Prime Minister recommends the names to the President.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>However, recipients cannot use \u201cBharat Ratna\u201d as a prefix before their name.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Finally, the award does not include any cash prize or pension.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bharat Ratna Recipients from Northeast India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aspirants preparing for APSC, Arunachal Pradesh Public Service Commission exams and other Northeast state exams should note these recipients:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bhupen Hazarika &#8211; Legendary singer from Assam, awarded Bharat Ratna in 2019 (Posthumous).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bhupen Hazarika was a cultural icon of Assam. His music represented the soul of the Brahmaputra. The government awarded him Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/upscquiz.spmiasacademy.com\/quizzes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UPSC MCQs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, the Bharat Ratna stands as the highest civilian award in India, honouring individuals for their exceptional service to the nation. It recognises contributions in fields like arts, literature, science, public service, and sports. Moreover, its strict rules and limited number of awards each year highlight its prestige and value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, the award reflects India\u2019s respect for excellence and dedication. Therefore, understanding the Bharat Ratna award, its eligibility, history, and notable winners is very important for UPSC, APSC, and other competitive exams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, the Bharat Ratna award in India continues to inspire individuals to contribute to national development and excellence. Hence, it remains a symbol of the highest honour and recognition in Indian society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mha.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/ListofBRrecepients_09082019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ministry of Home Affairs<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778060713941\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is the Bharat Ratna award in India?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><br>The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India. Moreover, the government gives it for exceptional service in fields like arts, science, literature, public service, and sports.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778060730088\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Who gives the Bharat Ratna award?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><br>The President of India presents the Bharat Ratna award. However, the Prime Minister recommends the names for this honour.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778060740119\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Who is eligible for the Bharat Ratna award?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><br>Any person is eligible for the Bharat Ratna award, regardless of nationality, profession, or gender. Additionally, the government can also award it to non-Indians in special cases.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778060752991\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Does the Bharat Ratna award include any cash prize?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><br>No, the Bharat Ratna award does not include any cash prize or pension. However, recipients receive high recognition and state honours.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778060763528\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Who were the first recipients of the Bharat Ratna award?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><br><br>Firstly, the Government of India awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1954 to three distinguished individuals. These were C. Rajagopalachari, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and Dr. C.V. Raman. Therefore, they became the first recipients of the Bharat Ratna award in India.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian honour in India. The Government of India awards it for exceptional service to the nation. It covers arts, literature,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[352,353,357,354,355,356,41],"class_list":["post-2587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-bharat-ratna","tag-bharat-ratna-2024","tag-bharat-ratna-facts","tag-bharat-ratna-winners-list","tag-eligibility-of-bharat-ratna","tag-highest-civilian-award-india","tag-upsc-current-affairs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bharat Ratna Award: Winners, Facts &amp; Eligibility Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about Bharat Ratna award winners, eligibility, history, and latest 2024 recipients. 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However, the Prime Minister recommends the names for this honour.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060740119","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060740119","name":"Who is eligible for the Bharat Ratna award?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<br>Any person is eligible for the Bharat Ratna award, regardless of nationality, profession, or gender. Additionally, the government can also award it to non-Indians in special cases.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060752991","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060752991","name":"Does the Bharat Ratna award include any cash prize?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<br>No, the Bharat Ratna award does not include any cash prize or pension. However, recipients receive high recognition and state honours.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060763528","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/bharat-ratna-indias-highest-civilian-award-winners-eligibility-key-facts\/#faq-question-1778060763528","name":"Who were the first recipients of the Bharat Ratna award?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<br><br>Firstly, the Government of India awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1954 to three distinguished individuals. These were C. Rajagopalachari, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and Dr. C.V. Raman. Therefore, they became the first recipients of the Bharat Ratna award in India.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2587"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2590,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2587\/revisions\/2590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spmiasacademy.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}