The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) has undergone significant changes since 2013, notably the removal of second optional subject. Presently, selecting one optional subject is a crucial decision that can greatly impact your overall score and rank. With a plethora of subjects to choose from, many aspirants face confusion and anxiety during this process. We, SPM IAS Coaching, Assam, understand the importance of this choice, here to provide valuable insight in making an informed choice. This blog is intended to provide a comprehensive guide on how to select the best optional subject for UPSC Mains Examination
About UPSC – Renowned as the toughest and the most competitive exam, UPSC tests its candidates at three stages: Prelims, Mains and Interview. It evaluates everything from basic knowledge to ethical integrity and the ability to address moral dilemmas in the ethics paper. From selecting the correct options in MCQs to writing comprehensive essays, understanding the complex exam format and making informed decisions at each stage are crucial for success in this challenging journey.
Understanding the optional subjects in UPSC
While filling out the form of UPSC Prelims, candidates must choose one optional subject (completely descriptive in nature) for the Mains exam. The descriptive subject carries significant weightage contributing 500 marks out of the total 1750 marks. It has been observed that candidates often feel confused about selecting the right optional subject, even after years of preparation. Some candidates choose subjects they believe are scoring, while others consider factors such as popularity, availability of resources, or their educational background in graduation or post-graduation.
However, is the selection process really that straightforward? While it may sound easy, choosing the right optional subject is not simple, as there is not any particular subject that can be universally considered the easiest for the UPSC Mains.
| SL. NO | List of Optional Subjects in UPSC |
| 1. | Agriculture |
| 2. | Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science |
| 3. | Anthropology |
| 4. | Botany |
| 5. | Chemistry |
| 6. | Civil Engineering |
| 7. | Commerce & Accountancy |
| 8. | Economics |
| 9. | Electrical Engineering |
| 10. | Geography |
| 11. | Geology |
| 12. | History |
| 13. | Law |
| 14. | Management |
| 15. | Mathematics |
| 16. | Mechanical Engineering |
| 17. | Medical Science |
| 18. | Philosophy |
| 19. | Physics |
| 20. | Political Science & International Relations |
| 21. | Psychology |
| 22. | Public Administration |
| 23. | Sociology |
| 24. | Statistics |
| 25. | Zoology |
UPSC aspirants can choose a literature subject as their optional for Mains, regardless of their graduation background. Each of the two papers carries 250 marks, and the languages offered are from the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
LIST OF LITERATURE OPTIONAL SUBJECTS IN UPSC
| SL NO. | SUBJECT |
| 1. | Assamese |
| 2. | Bengali |
| 3. | Bodo |
| 4. | Dogri |
| 5. | Gujarati |
| 6. | Hindi |
| 7. | Kannada |
| 8. | Kashmiri |
| 9. | Konkani |
| 10. | Maithili |
| 11. | Malayalam |
| 12. | Manipuri |
| 13. | Marathi |
| 14. | Nepali |
| 15. | Oriya |
| 16. | Punjabi |
| 17. | Sanskrit |
| 18. | Santhali |
| 19. | Sindhi |
| 20. | Tamil |
| 21. | Telugu |
| 22. | Urdu |
| 23. | English |
Importance of Choosing the Right Optional Subject in UPSC
In the UPSC Mains Exam, an optional subject that is carefully selected based on the candidate’s interest and conceptual understanding is crucial:
- Your overall score can be considerably raised by a well-prepared optional.
- Additionally, a candidate’s motivation is increased and preparation becomes more pleasurable when they enjoy the subject they are studying.
- It takes less time and effort to understand new ideas when the subject is well-known.
Difficulties in Choosing the Optional Subject in UPSC
Even though the UPSC syllabus is extensive and much more comprehensive, the optional papers introduce yet another level of difficulty. Aspirants frequently encounter the following difficulties:
- Limited understanding about the scope and syllabus that creates confusion
- Lack of awareness of one’s own strengths makes it difficult to identify one’s own interests and aptitude.
- Overwhelmed by numerous options, conflicting advice, and diverse opinions.
- Uncertainty about scoring potential
- The aspirant finds it challenging to balance general studies with the preparation of optional subjects due to time management issues.
- Concerns of making the wrong choice that lead to overthinking and indecision
Factors To Be Considered While Choosing an Optional Subject in UPSC
There are a number of considerations when choosing an optional subject for the UPSC Mains Exam.
1. Interest and Passion: The candidate’s interest in the subject should be the foremost criterion. A subject that genuinely excites you will sustain your motivation and focus during the demanding preparation period.
2. Academic Background: A subject you have studied during graduation or post-graduation often provides a foundational advantage.
3. Overlap with General Studies (GS): Certain optional subjects overlap significantly with the GS papers, saving time and effort. For example:
- Public Administration aligns with GS Paper 2 (Polity and Governance).
- Geography is relevant for GS Paper 1 (Physical Geography) and GS Paper 3 (Environment).
- Political Science and International Relations (PSIR) aligns complements Paper 2
4. Availability of Study Material: Ensuring the availability of study materials is also a significant consideration. So, while selecting the optional, it needs to be ensured to have access to quality study material, notes, and online resources. Here, we suggest the aspirant seek expert guidance from experienced faculty or mentors. Joining study groups for peer discussion and support can also be a fruitful solution.
5. Scoring Potential: To score potentially higher is another critical aspect. Here, analysing the previous year’s question papers is highly helpful as it helps to identify high-scoring areas and topics. It leads to understanding the weightage and marking scheme, making it easier for the aspirant to assess the scoring pattern to maximise the marks.
6. Time Management: Concerns about effective time management are crucial. The aspirant has to estimate the preparation time required and balance it with general studies, essay papers, and an ethics paper.
Personal factors also play an essential role. Assess your strengths and weaknesses and align the subject with your long-term career aspirations. By carefully evaluating these factors, aspirants can make informed decisions, optimizing their chances of success in the UPSC Mains Examination.
Steps to Finalize Your Optional Subject
- Shortlist Potential Subjects: Based on your interests, background, and syllabus overlap.
- Analyse the Syllabus: Go through the detailed syllabus of each shortlisted subject.
- Review Previous Year Questions: Understand the pattern and complexity of questions.
- Seek Expert Guidance: Consult experienced mentors or trusted coaching institutes for valuable insights and strategies.
- Test Yourself: Read introductory books or attend demo classes to gauge your comfort level with the subject.
SPM IAS Coaching offers personalized counselling sessions to help aspirants make a confident decision.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
1. Following Trends Blindly: Avoid choosing a subject solely based on popularity or scoring trends. This can lead to a lack of motivation and difficulty in sustaining preparation. When someone overestimates their capacity to prepare for a difficult or unknown subject, they may set unrealistic goals and become frustrated when they cannot be met, which could make preparation more difficult.
2. Ignoring Syllabus Size: A bulky syllabus may overwhelm you, especially if you are short on time.
3. Neglecting Interest: Lack of interest in the subject can lead to inconsistent preparation.
4. Skipping Guidance: Expert advice is crucial and important as in today’s internet is flooded with materials and notes, so it becomes important to understand the nuances of each optional subject and prepare strategically.
How SPM IAS Academy Supports Aspirants?
In the highly competitive landscape of civil services exams, SPM IAS Academy stands as a beacon of guidance and support, empowering students to conquer the toughest exam and join the esteemed ranks of IAS, IPS and IFS officers and allied services.
- Subject-Specific Classes: In-depth coverage of optional subjects with Expert Faculty
- Special Study Materials: Comprehensive, concise and regularly updated resources designed to help you learn effectively.
- Regular Mock Tests: Practice tests with detailed feedback to enhance answer-writing skills.
- Mentorship Programs: Personalized guidance to address individual doubts and concerns.
The institute’s focus on holistic preparation ensures that aspirants are well-equipped to excel in their chosen optional subject.
Conclusion
Choosing the right optional subject for the UPSC examination is a crucial strategic decision that requires mindfull consideration. By aligning your personal interests, academic background, and preparation strategy, you can make an informed choice. SPM IAS Coaching in Assam stands as a trusted partner in this journey, offering expert guidance, quality resources, and mentorship to help aspirants achieve their dreams.
Remember, while the optional subject is important, your dedication, consistency, and hard work will ultimately determine your success. Choose wisely, and let your optional subject become a stepping stone to your UPSC success!